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1. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 7.
   

   In 1902, just a year after graduating from Cornell University, Willis Carrier pioneered the design of the first air-conditioning unit. Working at a Brooklyn printing plant, Carrier encountered challenges due to fluctuations in heat and moisture, which caused the printing paper to consistently change size, complicating the alignment of different colors. Carrier's innovative invention revolutionized the control of temperature and humidity levels, enabling precise color alignment. This breakthrough not only transformed the printing industry but also facilitated advancements in film, processed food, textiles, and pharmaceuticals by enhancing the quality of their respective products.

   The first air-conditioning device was installed in a private residence in 1914. Nonetheless, its bulky size, reminiscent of early computer equipment, hindered widespread adoption. Subsequent models, like the Weathermaker introduced by Carrier in the 1920s, remained financially out of reach for the majority due to their high costs. Cooling for human comfort, rather than industrial need, really took off when three air conditioners were installed in a department store in Detroit, Michigan. The shop was packed with people eager to experience the novelty of the invention, and its popularity quickly extended from department stores to cinemas.

   To start with, money-conscious employers regarded air conditioning as a luxury. They considered that if they were paying people to work, they should not be paying for them to be comfortable as well. So in the 1940s and 1950s, the industry started putting out a different message about its product: according to their research, installing air conditioning increased productivity amongst employees. They found that typists increased their output by 24% when transferred from a regular office to a cooled one. Another study into office working conditions, which was carried out in the late 1950s, showed that the majority of companies cited air conditioning as the single most important contributor to efficiency in offices.

   However, air conditioning faces criticism from some quarters. Environmentalist Jed Brown argues that air conditioning contributes to global warming. Unfortunately, he adds, because air conditioning leads to higher temperatures, people have to use it even more paradoxically. However, he concedes that it does offer a healthier environment for many individuals during the sweltering summer months.
   

   Question 1. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

   • A. Air conditioning - A luxury.
   • B. The critics of air conditioning.
   • C. Willis Carrier - A great inventor.
   • D. The history of an invention.

2. Question 2. The word “precise” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to________.

   • A. inaccurate
   • B. exact
   • C. great
   • D. vivid

3. Question 3. When Willis Carrier invented air conditioning, his objective was to_______.

   • A. make workers feel cooler.
   • B. produce more attractive paper.
   • C. solve problems in a factory.
   • D. set up a new business.

4. Question 4. The word “They” in paragraph 3 refers to__________.

   • A. textiles
   • B. employers
   • C. products
   • D. stores

5. Question 5. The word “took off” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to________.

   • A. copied
   • B. left
   • C. removed
   • D. became popular

6. Question 6. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?

   • A. The research in the 1940s and 1950s revealed the benefits of air conditioners.
   • B. Home air conditioners were not well-liked at first because they were too big and expensive.
   • C. Air conditioners brought about positive changes in many industries in the 1900s.
   • D. Jed Brown favoured the use of air conditioners to protect the environment.

7. Question 7. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

   • A. The typists were dismayed when they had to change their previous office to an air-conditioned one.
   • B. Initially, the employers who didn't want to spend more money were unwilling to install air conditionin
   • C. The first air-conditioning device was installed in the 1940s and soon became a popular one.
   • D. The initial air-conditioning unit was created with the aim of addressing global warming.

8. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

   Question 8. Thanks to Greenpeace's campaigns, the local people's level of environmental awareness has improved significantly.

   • A. declined
   • B. increased
   • C. bettered
   • D. developed

9. Question 9. Her parents kept her on a tight rein with their inflexible views.

   • A. let her loose
   • B. controlled her
   • C. brought her up
   • D. taught her

10. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 10 to 14.

    When parents name their children, they often take into consideration their own preferences, family traditions, or beliefs. In many European cultures, parents typically select names based on family connections, often honoring grandparents or ancestors. For instance, in Italy, children are commonly named after their grandparents, starting with the father's parents and then the mother's. Similarly, in Eastern Europe, children may be named after their deceased relatives to protect them from harm.

    In some Asian countries, the naming process may involve the child's grandfather or a fortune-teller, who chooses a name believed to shape the child's character. Names might be inspired by elements like fire, water, earth, wood, or metal, or they may convey qualities such as beauty, strength, or kindness. African cultures also have unique naming traditions, such as in Ghana's Akan culture, where a child's name is determined by the day of their birth. Each day has specific names for boys and girls, reflecting characteristics associated with that day. For example, a boy born on Friday might be named Kofi, symbolizing a "wanderer" or "explorer" while a girl born on the same day could be named Afua, also representing a traveler.

    No matter where a name originates, it holds significant meaning and reflects the child's cultural heritage. Whether chosen out of preference or dictated by tradition, a child's name is a cherished and respected gift.

    Question 10. What is the main idea of this reading?

    • A. How names reflect a person's culture.
    • B. Choosing names in Italian culture.
    • C. How Asian people name their children.
    • D. Choosing traditional names.

11. Question 11. It can be inferred from the passage that names in China would relate to_________.

    • A. a child's personality
    • B. a child's ancestors3
    • C. a child's birth element
    • D. a child's birth date

12. Question 12. Which is true in Akan culture if a twin brother and sister are born on a Friday?

    • A. They will have to travel to a different city.
    • B. They will both be named Kofi.
    • C. They will have different names.
    • D. They will both be named Afua.

13. Question 13. The word "dictated" in the passage is closest in meaning to__________.

    • A. changed
    • B. determined
    • C. recorded
    • D. written

14. Question 14. According to the reading passage, which would probably NOT be found in the meaning of children's name across the world?

    • A. their ancestor's names
    • B. their place of birth
    • C. their date of birth
    • D. their expected personality

15. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the following exchanges.

    Question 15. Tom is talking to John, his new classmate, in the classroom.

    - Tom: "How did you get here?"

    - John: "___________”.

    • A. I came here by bus.
    • B. The bus was so crowded.
    • C. I arrived just in time.
    • D. It was a long journey.

16. Question 16. Steve and Tim are talking about drinking water before bedtime.

    - Steve: "I don't think we should drink too much water before bedtime."

    - Tim: "__________. Drinking too much water before bedtime can interrupt your sleep cycle."

    • A. I couldn't agree more
    • B. I have no idea
    • C. I'm afraid I disagree with young
    • D. Don't worry

17. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

    Question 17.

    • A. smooth
    • B. everything
    • C. southern
    • D. gather

18. Question 18.

    • A. fame
    • B. happy
    • C. habit
    • D. stand

19. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word in each of the following questions.

    Question 19. Cities should implement affordable housing programs to address the problems of deplorable housing conditions.

    • A. unacceptable
    • B. happy
    • C. perfect
    • D. reasonable

20. Question 20. My sister's tenacity is truly remarkable. She displays a firm attitude in all circumstances even in the face of enormous challenges.

    • A. confidence
    • B. perseverance
    • C. creativity
    • D. compassion

21. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

    Question 21. Ms. Jane started working as a nurse ten years ago.

    • A. Ms. Jane last worked as a nurse for ten years.
    • B. Ms. Jane has been working as a nurse for ten years.
    • C. Ms. Jane was working as a nurse for ten years.
    • D. Ms. Jane works as a nurse for ten years.

22. Question 22. It isn't necessary for Paul to deliver a speech at the meeting this afternoon.

    • A. Paul can't deliver a speech at the meeting this afternoon.
    • B. Paul mustn't deliver a speech at the meeting this afternoon.
    • C. Paul mightn't deliver a speech at the meeting this afternoon.
    • D. Paul needn't deliver a speech at the meeting this afternoon.

23. Question 23. Rose asked Mike "How long have you been working in your company?".

    • A. Rose asked Mike how long he had been working in his company.
    • B. Rose wanted to know how long had Mike been working in his company.
    • C. Rose asked Mike how long has he been working in his company.
    • D. Rose wanted to know how long Mike has been working in his company.

24. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.

    Question 24. During the lecture yesterday, he stresses the importance of good education in modem society.

    • A. society
    • B. education
    • C. stresses
    • D. During

25. Question 25. Each of the books cited as sources are present in the school library.

    • A. cited
    • B. Each of
    • C. the
    • D. are

26. Question 26. An appreciative decrease in the number of the unemployed has urged the government to take drastic action immediately.

    • A. in
    • B. drastic
    • C. has urged
    • D. appreciative

27. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of stress in each of the following questions.

    Question 27.

    • A. impressive
    • B. different
    • C. futurist
    • D. industry

28. Question 28.

    • A. device
    • B. college
    • C. vacant
    • D. factor

29. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.

    Question 29. She applied for a full-time job. She wanted to develop herself and earn a good salary.

    • A. To earn a good salary was the reason why she applied for a full-time job.
    • B. So as to earn a good salary for development, she applied for a full-time job.
    • C. She applied for a full-time job, so she developed herself and earned a good salary.
    • D. She applied for a full-time job in order to develop herself and earn a good salary.

30. Question 30. The students settled into their seats. Then the teacher walked in and started the lesson.

    • A. No sooner had the teacher walked in and started the lesson when the students settled into their seats.
    • B. Only after the teacher walked in and started the lesson do the students settle into their seats.
    • C. As soon as the teacher had walked in and started the lesson, the students settled into their seats.
    • D. Hardly had the students settled into their seats when the teacher walked in and started the lesson.

31. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

    Question 31. Although Martha didn't get the job she had applied, she had several________.

    • A. embers
    • B. irons
    • C. coals
    • D. logs

32. Question 32. Employee_______is crucial because it has a direct impact on the productivity of an organisation.

    • A. ownership
    • B. maintenance
    • C. relinquishment
    • D. retention

33. Question 33. Would you like to join me at______ theatre tonight?

    • A. a
    • B. an
    • C. Ø (no article)
    • D. the

34. Question 34. Sarah is interested________pop music.

    • A. to
    • B. with
    • C. in
    • D. for

35. Question 35. Come and stay with us whenever you want to have a change of_______.

    • A. view
    • B. scene
    • C. sight
    • D. area

36. Question 36. His contributions to the project_________ in all the reports last year.

    • A. have recognised
    • B. recognised
    • C. were recognised
    • D. are recognised

37. Question 37. When my parents came back home, I__________ my English project.

    • A. am doing
    • B. do
    • C. did
    • D. was doing

38. Question 38. Carbon emissions from factories do_______ harm to the environment.

    • A. considerably
    • B. considerable
    • C. consideration
    • D. consider

39. Question 39. Our manager postponed________ on his business trip because of a sudden storm.

    • A. going
    • B. go
    • C. to going
    • D. to go

40. Question 40. We consistently come together and collaborate whenever serious problems_______.

    • A. encounter
    • B. raise
    • C. approach
    • D. arise

41. Question 41. His latest movie is far_______ entertaining than his previous one. I absolutely adore the new one.

    • A. better
    • B. as
    • C. more
    • D. less

42. Question 42. Ann will be very unhappy if you______ her housewarming invitation.

    • A. make up
    • B. take in
    • C. turn down
    • D. look after

43. Question 43. The boy_________ to you last night is my younger brother.

    • A. to talk
    • B. talking
    • C. talked
    • D. talk

44. Question 44. The assistant will have completed the preparation for the meeting________.

    • A. as soon as the boss had arrived
    • B. after the boss had arrived
    • C. by the time the boss arrives
    • D. when the boss arrived

45. Question 45. The ceramic shop often closes at 7 pm,______?

    • A. isn't it
    • B. is it
    • C. does it
    • D. doesn't it

46. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 46 to 50.

    It is sometimes said that our real education consists of (46)______ school. Does this mean that we learn too many unnecessary facts, or suggest that it may not be worth studying while undertaking further studies since we will probably forget (47)____we have not forgotten after leaving negative interpretations miss the point. (48)______and use numbers in our everyday lives. What is more, a good education helps to equip us with the necessary of how much we forget, most of us can read and write, of our new knowledge too? These social skills to interact with other people. It also gives us the appropriate critical thinking skills to assess a(n) (49)________variety of situations and set about solving our problems. Additionally, as we mature, we may more easily appreciate that our true-life skills shine through when we have picked up the moral values that the majority of teachers and parents are so eager to (50)__________ to us. These are vital considerations in the education debate currently taking place.

    Question 46.

    • A. that
    • B. what
    • C. when
    • D. which

47. Question 47.

    • A. little
    • B. few
    • C. much
    • D. many

48. Question 48.

    • A. Instead
    • B. Despite
    • C. Reference
    • D. Regardless

49. Question 49.

    • A. main
    • B. numerate
    • C. wide
    • D. intense

50. Question 50.

    • A. take on
    • B. set on
    • C. pass on
    • D. leave on